美国BTC战略储备行政令中文解读版

【作者:网文】 来源:转载 日期:2025-4-2 11:03:45 人气: 标签:加密钱包 助记词 美国BTC战略储备 行政令 【打印】

 
Section 1.  Background.  Bitcoin is the original cryptocurrency(这里用了 currency 描述, 而不是 coin、token、asset、commodity 之类。冷知识:在 50 多年前,黄金也是一种 currency). The Bitcoin protocol permanently caps the total supply of bitcoin (BTC) at 21 million coins(强调了固定供应量,看来这个特性还是最吸引人的。精英阶层更看中稀缺性), and has never been hacked(比特币从诞生至今,整个网络都没被成功攻破过。盗币、网络 bug 这些不属于 hack 的范畴).  As a result of its scarcity and security, Bitcoin is often referred to as “digital gold”(这里给比特币定性,就是作为一种稀缺、安全的电子黄金存在。鲍威尔也表达过类似的观点).  Because there is a fixed supply of BTC, there is a strategic advantage to being among the first nations to create a strategic bitcoin reserve(强调固定供应量,因此先行者具有先发优势。). The United States Government currently holds a significant amount of BTC, but has not implemented a policy to maximize BTC’s strategic position as a unique store of value in the global financial system(表达美国政府未能最大化利用好手里持有的大量 BTC 的惋惜).  Just as it is in our country’s interest to thoughtfully manage national ownership and control of any other resource, our Nation must harness, not limit, the power of digital assets for our prosperity(妥善管理国家对任何其他资源的所有权和控制权。比如石油?笑了). 

Sec. 2.  Policy.  It is the policy of the United States to establish a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve.  It is further the policy of the United States to establish a United States Digital Asset Stockpile that can serve as a secure account for orderly and strategic management of the United States’ other digital asset holdings(这里告知还有一个政策是建立美国数字资产储备,包含除了比特币之外的其他数字资产。美国政府还持有包括 ETH 在内的其他资产,当然都是罚没来的).

Sec. 3.  Creation and Administration of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile. 

(a)  The Secretary of the Treasury shall establish an office to administer and maintain control of custodial accounts collectively known as the “Strategic Bitcoin Reserve,” capitalized with all BTC held by the Department of the Treasury that was finally forfeited as part of criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings or in satisfaction of any civil money penalty imposed by any executive department or agency (agency) and that is not needed to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705 or released pursuant to subsection (d) of this section (Government BTC).(BTC 战略储备由财政部管理,并且使用托管帐户。猜测应该和 ETF 机构类似的托管方法)  Within 30 days of the date of this order, each agency shall review its authorities to transfer any Government BTC held by it to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and shall submit a report reflecting the result of that review to the Secretary of the Treasury.  Government BTC deposited into the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve shall not be sold and shall be maintained as reserve assets of the United States utilized to meet governmental objectives in accordance with applicable law. (强调存入战略储备的比特币不得出售)

(b)  The Secretary of the Treasury shall establish an office to administer and maintain control of custodial accounts collectively known as the “United States Digital Asset Stockpile,” capitalized with all digital assets owned by the Department of the Treasury, other than BTC, that were finally forfeited as part of criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings and that are not needed to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705 or released pursuant to subsection (d) of this section (Stockpile Assets).  Within 30 days of the date of this order, each agency shall review its authorities to transfer any Stockpile Assets held by it to the United States Digital Asset Stockpile and shall submit a report reflecting the result of that review to the Secretary of the Treasury.  The Secretary of the Treasury shall determine strategies for responsible stewardship of the United States Digital Asset Stockpile in accordance with applicable law. (与 a 一样,只不过描述的主体是美国数字资产储备。不同的是这里面没有强调不得出售)

(c)  The Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce shall develop strategies for acquiring additional Government BTC provided that such strategies are budget neutral and do not impose incremental costs on United States taxpayers.(财政部长和商务部长要制定策略,在不增加美国纳税人成本的前提下获取更多的 BTC)  However, the United States Government shall not acquire additional Stockpile Assets other than in connection with criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings or in satisfaction of any civil money penalty imposed by any agency without further executive or legislative action. (和 b 一样,描述的主体为数字资产储备,但是强调除了罚没这一来源,美国政府不会获取额外的数字资产储备。) 

(d)  “Government Digital Assets” means all Government BTC and all Stockpile Assets.  The head of each agency shall not sell or otherwise dispose of any Government Digital Assets, except in connection with the Secretary of the Treasury’s exercise of his lawful authority and responsible stewardship of the United States Digital Asset Stockpile pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, or pursuant to an order from a court of competent jurisdiction, as required by law, or in cases where the Attorney General or other relevant agency head determines that the Government Digital Assets (or the proceeds from the sale or disposition thereof) can and should(除了财政部长,其他各个机构的负责人没有权利处置政府数字资产):

(i)    be returned to identifiable and verifiable victims of crime(这里埋了个伏笔,20 万 BTC 中有约 12 万枚属于是 Btfinex,可以观察下后续会怎么处理。另,Btfinex 和 Tether 同属 iFinex Inc。Tether 也在不断储备 BTC。);

(ii)   be used for law enforcement operations; 

(iii)  be equitably shared with State and local law enforcement partners; or

(iv)  be released to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705, 28 U.S.C. 524(c), 18 U.S.C. 981, or 21 U.S.C. 881.

(e)  Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of the Treasury shall deliver an evaluation of the legal and investment considerations for establishing and managing the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile going forward, including the accounts in which the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile should be located and the need for any legislation to operationalize any aspect of this order or the proper management and administration of such accounts.(60 天内财政部长要敲定该政策的细节)

Sec. 4.  Accounting.  Within 30 days of the date of this order, the head of each agency shall provide the Secretary of the Treasury and the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets with a full accounting of all Government Digital Assets in such agency’s possession, including any information regarding the custodial accounts in which such Government Digital Assets are currently held that would be necessary to facilitate a transfer of the Government Digital Assets to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve or the United States Digital Asset Stockpile.  If such agency holds no Government Digital Assets, such agency shall confirm such fact to the Secretary of the Treasury and the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets within 30 days of the date of this order.  (要求各个机构在 30 天内完成机构内持有的数字资产审计)

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